HAZWOPER and Emergency Response
HAZWOPER applies to releases of, or substantial threats of releases of, hazardous substances, regardless of location. Covered employees include first responders such as HAZMAT team members, fire and rescue personnel, police, and medical personnel who may respond to emergency releases.
Emergency responders can effectively manage an incident by completing six key activities, summarized using the acronym HAZMAT:
- Hazard Identification – Conduct a preliminary evaluation before entering the scene.
- Action Plan – Develop and implement steps to respond to or control the release.
- Zoning – Control risks by securing the scene and establishing designated zones.
- Managing the Incident – Use the Incident Command System (ICS) to coordinate operations.
- Assistance – Report the situation and determine additional resources needed.
- Termination – Conduct decontamination, post-incident analysis, and medical surveillance.
Incidental and Uncontrolled Releases
Incidental Releases
- These are small-scale releases that do not pose a significant safety or health hazard to employees in the immediate area or to those cleaning up.
- They are limited in quantity, toxicity, or exposure potential.
- Example: A pint-sized laboratory container that presents minimal risk at that volume.
Uncontrolled Releases
- Some releases may be uncontrolled and require an emergency response depending on factors such as:
- Toxicity and volume of the substance
- Training and experience of employees in the area
- Availability of response equipment and PPE
- Example: Release of chlorine gas above the IDLH level, reducing visibility and spreading through a facility.