Legionellosis
Legionellosis is an illness caused by Legionella bacteria. It can present in two forms:
- Legionnaires’ disease: The more severe form, causing pneumonia.
- Pontiac fever: A milder respiratory illness that does not cause pneumonia.
Causes and Sources of Legionella Infection
Legionella bacteria are naturally found in freshwater environments, such as lakes and streams. They become a health concern when they grow and spread in human-made water systems within buildings.
Common sources of infection in healthcare and large facilities include:
- Showerheads and sink faucets
- Cooling towers in air conditioning systems
- Hot tubs and whirlpools that are not drained or properly maintained
- Decorative fountains and water features
- Hot water tanks and heaters
- Birthing pools
- Large plumbing systems
- Drinking fountains
While Legionella can grow in home plumbing systems, most outbreaks occur in large buildings with complex water systems.