A forklift is a type of Powered Industrial Truck (PIT) regulated by OSHA standards. Like other PITs, its primary function is to move, lift, carry, push, pull, and stack materials safely in a storage area or on a rack.
Forklifts vary in size, capacity, and power source, including:
- Battery-powered
- Propane-powered
- Gasoline-powered
- Diesel-powered
Some forklifts are specially designed for hazardous locations, where ordinary forklifts could ignite a fire or explosion.
PIT Classifications
OSHA classifies powered industrial trucks into seven types, each with distinct characteristics and hazards. These trucks are designed for different surfaces and environments, ranging from smooth warehouse floors to uneven outdoor terrain.
Class I – Electric Motor Rider Trucks
- Equipped with cushion tires (for smooth indoor floors) or pneumatic tires (for dry outdoor areas).
- Powered by industrial batteries.
- Commonly used from loading docks to storage facilities.
- Suitable for environments requiring good air quality, such as indoors.