Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
The Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a major cause of hepatitis, an infection that causes inflammation of the liver. Complications of hepatitis B can include cirrhosis (scarring of the liver), liver cancer, and liver failure. Currently, there is no known cure for HBV.
HBV Structure
In the United States, an estimated 880,000 to 1.89 million people are living with HBV infection, and approximately two-thirds may be unaware of their infection. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2020 there were 2,157 confirmed acute cases and an estimated 14,000 additional infections of hepatitis B.
Types of HBV Infection
- Acute Hepatitis B: A short-term illness occurring within the first six months after exposure. Acute infection may resolve on its own or, in some cases, progress to chronic infection.
- Chronic Hepatitis B: A long-term illness in which HBV remains in the body. Chronic infection is a serious condition that can lead to lasting liver damage and, in severe cases, death.